Arduino Uno

                         DIY ARDUINO UNO

Here, we will learn to make Arduino Uno at home with the help of some components.

Required components are listed below :-
1. Atmega 328 p-pu microcontroller with            bootloader
2. USB to TTL converter.
3. Crystal Oscillator (16MHZ)
4. Capacitors (2×22pF)
5. Single Strand Wires.
6. 1 kohm Resistor and LED  ( for testing the basic   blink programme)
7. 10 kohm resistor and switch (Micro tactile momentary SPST switch).

Atmega 328 p-pu microcontroller.

Pin       Function                    Description    
No.
1           Reset                            PC6
2           Digital pin(RX)           PD0
3           Digital pin(TX)           PD1
4           Digital pin                   PD2
5           Digital pin(PWM)       PD3
6           Digital pin                   PD4
7           Input Voltage              Vcc
8           Ground                         GND
9           Crystal Oscillator       XTAL1
10         Crystal Oscillator       XTAL2
11         Digital Pin(PWM)       PD5
12         Digital pin(PWM)       PD6
13         Digital Pin                    PD7
14         Digital Pin                    PB0
15         Digital Pin(PWM)        PB1
16         Digital Pin(PWM)        PB2
17         Digital Pin(PWM)        PB3
18         Digital Pin                    PB4
19         Digital Pin                    PB5
20         I/P voltage for ADC     AVcc
21         Reference voltage       Aref
22         Ground                         GND
23         Analog Input               PC0
24         Analog Input               PC1
25         Analog Input               PC2
26         Analog Input               PC3
27         Analog Input               PC4
28         Analog Input               PC5


Let's Get Started
 Step 1
Connect IC (Atmega 328 p-pu) on the breadboard.



Step 2
Connect crystal Oscillator at pin no.9 and 10 of the IC And connect one capacitor at pin no.8 & 9 other capacitor at pin no.8 & 10.

Step 3
Now, the main part programming the IC.
We can programme the IC using USB to TTL converter.
RX (pin 2) of the IC connect to the TX of the converter.
TX (pin 3) of the IC connect to the RX of the converter.
Input voltage required to the IC is +5v (we can use external battery)
For now, we will give power with Android phone using usb to ttl converter.
Vcc (pin 7) of the ic connect to the +5v of converter
GND(pin 8) of the ic Connect to the ground of converter.

Step 4
Connect LED anywhere on the breadboard, connect one end of the 1 kohm resistor to the +ve of Led and one end to pin no. 19 of the IC  and connect -ve of led to the ground.
Connect switch anywhere on the breadboard, then connect one end of the 10kohm Resistor to the one end of switch, other end of resistor to pin no. 1 of the IC , other end of the switch to the ground

Step 5
For programming we will use Arduino droid app.
Install and open the application then go to --- click the top right corner  ---  click sketch --- click examples  ---  click basics  --- click blink. There you will find programme.
Important point to note while programming the IC
Press and hold the switch and click compile on your screen. When compiling is done, wait 2sec and release the switch and click upload on your screen.
Releasing the switch and clicking the upload on your screen should be done very quickly.

If the uploading of the programming is not done repeat the process in bold letters.
If the uploading is done successfully then led should be blink. The delay between On and OFF of the led can be change using programme.
After successful uploading the programme you can run the Arduino on external 5v battery (USB TO TTL CONVERTER IS NOT NEEDED).

Now, your Arduino Uno is ready. This will work same as original Arduino Uno board. You can upload different programmes and can use in any of your projects.

Link to buy usb to ttl converter:
https://amzn.to/2SwcnV4
Link to buy IC, crystal Oscillator, capacitors
https://amzn.to/2PsaOca

Online products are expensive, you can buy from store. Please do comment about this article.Give me feedback by commenting.